Manajemen Bisnis: Pengertian, Fungsi, dan Bagaimana Perencanaannya

WIRABISNIS, malangpost.id – Manajemen bisnis yang baik diperlukan dalam menjalankan suatu bisnis. Dibutuhkan perencanan yang matang agar usaha berjalan lancar, mencapai target yang diinginkan, dan peningkatan kesuksesan. 

Karenanya, dibutuhkan manajemen bisnis yang meliputi kegiatan perencanaan, pengerjaan, hingga pengawasan. Jika manajemen yang dimiliki dan dilakukan dengan baik, makan perkembangan usaha akan berjalan dengan baik. Begitu juga sebaliknya.

Pengertian

Manajemen bisnis adalah aktivitas perencanaan, pengerjaan, dan pengawasan terhadap sebuah usaha atau bisnis sebagaimana kami lansir dari situs resmi Direktorat Jenderal Pajak. Tujuan manajemen bisnis adalah mencapai tujuan usaha seperti meraih target penjualan atau keuntungan yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya

Dalam manajemen, perencanaan perlu dilakukan dengan terencana, detail, ketat, dan mampu menggiring bisnis pada perkembangan yang jelas.

Fungsi

Ada banyak fungsi dan manfaat dari manajemen bisnis yang menjadi aspek penting dalam menjalankan usaha. Diantara fungsinya adalah sebagai berikut

Perencanaan/planning

Dibutuhkan perencanaan atau planning yang matang untuk membangun bisnis sehingga usaha tersebut dapat memberikan keuntungan. Contohnya adalah rencana segmentasi pasar, penjualan produk, promosi, pembukuan, dan lain sebagainya. Setiap perencanaan yang dibuat menjadi acuan mengambil langkah dalam berbisnis.

Pengelompokan/organizing

Pengelompokan atau organizing dalam manajemen bisnis diperlukan. Hal ini bertujuan agar setiap individu dalam kelompok kerja memiliki kemampuan dan tanggung jawab pada bidang masing-masing, seperti bagian logistic, administrasi, pemasaran, dan sebagainya. Dengan pengelompokan, akan menciptakan proses kerja yang teratur dan jelas. Selain itu, proses evaluasi juga lebih mudah untuk mengukur kinerja setiap tim.

Sumber daya

Hasil dari bisnis yang dijalankan juga bergantung dari sumber daya. Karenanya, diperlukan manajemen sumber daya, mulai dari bahan baku, mesin produksi, hingga barang jadi. Pengaturan diperlukan agar produk yang dihasilkan tidak mengecewakan konsumen.

Pengaturan/directing

Dalam menjalankan bisnis, diperlukan manajemen bisnis dengan kepemimpinan yang bertanggung jawab dan mampu bekerja sama dengan para karyawan. Penting bagi pimpinan untuk terjun dan melihat langsung proses produksi dan kerja tim, mulai dari memberikan arahan, masukan, dan pemahaman.

Pengawasan/controlling

Fungsi manajemen bisnis terakhir adalah pengawasan yang bertujuan dalam evaluasi kinerja dan sumber daya perusahaan. Dengan pengawasan, bisa diketahui sistem yang diterapkan dilakukan sesuai dengan rencana atau tidak. Selain itu, pengawasan juga bisa menjadi bahan evaluasi mengenai kendala atau masalah yang terjadi.

Perencanaan manajemen bisnis

Perencanaan dalam manajemen bisa dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut.

  • Tenentukan target dan tujuan bisnis
  • Membuat strategi untuk meraih target atau tujuan bisnis
  • Menentukan kebutuhan akan sumber daya
  • Menetapkan standar kinerja untuk meraih target atau tujuan bisnis
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